Donkey Secondary Antibodies
Biotium Topoisomerase I, Mitochondrial (TOP1MT) (TOP1MT/2883R), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
DNA topoisomerases are nuclear enzymes that regulate the topological structure of DNA in eukaryotic cells by transiently breaking and rejoining DNA strands. Due to their roles in DNA replication, recombination, and transcription, DNA topoisomerases have been identified as targets of numerous anticancer drugs. Mitochondrial Topo I (DNA topoisomerase I, mitochondrial) is a 601 amino acid protein that primarily acts to relieve DNA strain that may occur during duplication of mitochondrial DNA. As a type IB topoisomerase, mitochondrial Topo I requires a divalent metal, either, calcium or magnesium, as well as an alkaline pH for optimal activity.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give high
Biotium ETS1 (Marker of Tumor Metastasis)(ETS1/1801), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
ETS1 proto-oncogene is an important transcription factor that plays a role in cell proliferation and differentiation. ETS1 is related to the growth of carcinoma cells by its regulation of the transcription of matrix metalloproteinases and urokinase-type plasminogen activator. The processes of tumor invasion and metastasis depend on the increased proteolytic activity of the invading tumor cells that may involve matrix metalloproteinases, cathepsins B and D and plasminogen activator in the metastatic cascade. ETS1 is preferentially expressed in lymphoid cells, where it is essential for the maintenance of the normal pool of resting T and B cells. ETS1 expression level and distribution are differentially controlled in resting, activated and apoptotic lymphocytes. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S a
Biotium DOG-1 / TMEM16A (Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Marker) (DG1/1487R), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Expression of DOG-1 protein is elevated in the gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST s), c-kit signaling-driven mesenchymal tumors of the GI tract. DOG-1 is rarely expressed in other soft tissue tumors, which, due to appearance, may be difficult to diagnose. Immunoreactivity for DOG-1 has been reported in 97.8 percent of scorable GIST s, including all c-kit negative GIST s. Overexpression of DOG-1 has been suggested to aid in the identification of GISTs, including Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha mutants that fail to express c-kit antigen. The overall sensitivity of DOG1 and c-kit in GIST s is nearly identical: 94.4% vs. 94.7%.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give
Biotium Beta-2 Microglobulin (Renal Failure &Tumor Marker) (rB2M/961), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Beta-2 microglobulin is a component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC I) where it functions in antigen processing and presentation. Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system. Human Beta-2 microglobulin is expressed on many types of cells including lymphocytes, thymocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, platelets, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells. It is absent on erythrocytes. This MAb is specific to human Beta-2 microglobulin and does not react with non-human primate cells. This antibody reacts with all cell types excluding erythrocytes. The detection of Beta-2 microglobulin in body fluids has been used as a tumor marker and for monitoring patients with HIV infection.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting l
Biotium Glutathione S-Transferase Mu3 (GSTM3)(CPTC-GSTMu3-1), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes Glutathione S-Transferase of the mu class, which is involved in the detoxification of toxins, drugs, and products of oxidative stress by conjugation with glutathione. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Rockland Immunochemicals Mouse IgG (H&L) Antibody Peroxidase Conjugated 2 mg
Anti-Mouse IgG (H&L) peroxidase conjugated antibody generated in donkey detects specifically mouse IgG (H&L). Secondary Antibodies are available in a variety of formats and conjugate types. When choosing a secondary antibody product consideration must be given to species and immunoglobulin specificity conjugate type fragment and chain specificity level of cross-reactivity and host-species source and fragment composition.
Biotium Dystrophin (DMD) (Marker of Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophy)(DMD/3245), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) connects the F-Actin cytoskeleton on the inner surface of muscle fibers to the surrounding extracellular matrix, through the cell membrane interface. A deficiency in this protein contributes to Duchenne (DMD) and Becker (BMD) muscular dystrophies. The human dystrophin gene measures 2. 4 megabases, has more than 80 exons, produces a 14 kb mRNA and contains at least 8 independent tissue-specific promoters and 2 poly A sites. The dystrophin mRNA can undergo differential splicing and produce a range of transcripts that encode a large set of proteins. Dystrophin represents approximately 0. 002% of total striated muscle protein and localizes to triadic junctions in skeletal muscle, where it is thought to influence calcium ion homeostasis and force transmission. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of bl
Biotium Uroplakin 1A (Urothelial Differentiation Marker)(UPK1A/2925), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, also known as the tetraspanin family. Most of these members are cell-surface proteins that are characterized by the presence of four hydrophobic domains. The proteins mediate signal transduction events that play a role in the regulation of cell development, activation, growth and motility. This encoded protein is found in the asymmetrical unit membrane (AUM) where it can complex with other transmembrane 4 superfamily proteins. It may play a role in normal bladder epithelial physiology, possibly in regulating membrane permeability of superficial umbrella cells or in stabilizing the apical membrane through AUM/cytoskeletal interactions. The protein may also play a role in tumor suppression. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like
Biotium Ornithine Decarboxylase-1 (ODC-1)(rODC1/485), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a 53 kDa protein, identified as the Ornithine Decarboxylase (ODC-1). ODC is the initial and rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of polyamines and is involved in the conversion of ornithine to putrescine. The biological activity of ODC-1 is rapidly induced in response to virtually all agents known to promote cell proliferation including hormones, drugs, growth factors, mitogens, and tumor promoters. Reportedly, ODC mRNA levels are elevated in lung carcinomas as well as in colon adenomas and carcinomas. ODC activity in colorectal carcinomas is greater than those in adenomas and normal mucosa. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific backg
Cayman Chemical GP-AMChydrobromIde 25mg
A fluorogenic substrate for DPP-4; AMC is released upon enzymatic cleavage by DPP-4 and its fluorescence can be used to quantify DPP-4 activity; ex/em = 340-360/440-460 nm, respectively
Biotium Cytokeratin, pan (Epithelial Marker) (KRTH/1576R + KRTL/1577R), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Twenty human keratins are resolved with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis into acidic (pI <5.7) and basic (pI >6.0) subfamilies. This antibody cocktail recognizes acidic (Type I or LMW) and basic (Type II or HMW) cytokeratins, which 67 kDa (CK1); 64 kDa (CK3); 59 kDa (CK4); 58 kDa (CK5); 56 kDa (CK6); 52 kDa (CK8); 56.5 kDa (CK10); 50 kDa (CK14); 50 kDa (CK15); 48 kDa (CK16); 40 kDa (CK19). Many studies have shown the usefulness of keratins as markers in cancer research and tumor diagnosis. It is a broad spectrum anti pan-cytokeratin antibody cocktail, which differentiates epithelial tumors from non-epithelial tumors e.g. squamous vs. adenocarcinoma of the lung, liver carcinoma, breast cancer, and esophageal cancer. It may be useful to characterize the source of various neoplasms and to study the distribution of cytokeratin containing cells in epithelia during normal development and during the development of epithelial neoplasms. This antibody stains cytokeratins pres
Biotium NKX2.2 (Neuroendocrine & Ewing s Sarcoma Marker) (NX2/1422R), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Expression of NKX2.2 has been found in neuroendocrine tumors of the gut, making it a potential marker for the study of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. More recently, NKX2.2 protein was identified as a target of EWS-FLI-1, the fusion protein specific to Ewing sarcoma, and was shown to be differentially upregulated in Ewing sarcoma on the basis of array-based gene expression analysis. It acts as a valuable marker for Ewing sarcoma, with a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 89%, and aids in the differential diagnosis of small round cell tumors.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium VISTA / GI24 (Negative Regulator of Immune Response)(VISTA/2865), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
VISTA / GI24 is a transmembrane protein expressed in bone, on embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and on tumor cell surfaces. On ESC s, Gi24 appears to positively interact with BMP-4, potentiating BMP signaling and the transition from an undifferentiated to a differentiated state. On tumor cells, Gi24 both promotes MT1-MMP expression and activity and serves as a substrate for MT1-MMP. This increases the potential for cell motility. Mature human Gi24 contains a 162aa extracellular region with one V-type Ig-like domain and a 96aa cytoplasmic domain. Human Gi24 undergoes proteolytic cleavage by MT1-MMP, generating a soluble 30 kDa extracellular fragment plus a 25-30 kDa membrane-bound fragment. VISTA is a negative checkpoint regulator and is expressed on myeloid cells, T-cells and human TILs (tumor infiltrating lymphocytes) on MDSCs (myeloid-derived suppressor cells) in the TME (tumor microenvironment). It is very likely both a ligand and receptor and is a promising target for cancer i
Biotium Human Kappa Light Chain(HP6053), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb is specific to kappa light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with lambda light chain or any of the five heavy chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the kappa light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can gi
Biotium S100A4 / Metastasin / Calvasculin (Marker of Tumor Metastasis)(CPTC-S100A4-3), CF647 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
S100A4 belongs to the S100 super-family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding domains. S100A4 has been implicated in the progression and prognosis of several forms of human cancer, e. g. breast, colorectal, gastric, pancreatic and bladder cancer, SCLC and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, among others. Poor prognosis associated with high S100A4 expression is accompanied by clear signs of disease progression, e. g. high histological and clinical grades and involvement of lymph nodes. Also indicative of poor prognosis is high S100A4 expression coupled with reduced E-cadherin expression in pancreatic, oral squamous cell carcinoma and in melanoma. S100A4 expression is inversely related with expression of metastasis suppressor nm23 and with prognosis of breast cancer. S100A4 is overexpressed in highly metastatic cancers, which makes it useful as a marker of tumor progression. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other